Scientists are developing solar-powered technologies to convert plastic waste into clean fuels, offering a potential solution to both pollution and energy challenges, an Australian study revealed on Wednesday.

The research explores how sunlight-driven processes can transform discarded plastics into hydrogen, syngas and other industrial chemicals, offering a pathway toward a more sustainable, circular economy, said a statement from Australia’s Adelaide University.

Global plastic production exceeds 460 million tonnes annually, with large volumes leaking into the environment, according to the research, which highlights how plastics, rich in carbon and hydrogen, can be repurposed as an untapped resource rather than waste.

The process, known as solar-driven photo-reforming, uses light-activated photo-catalysts to break down plastics at relatively low temperatures. These reactions can produce hydrogen, a clean fuel with zero emissions at the point of use, as well as other valuable chemicals used in industry, said the study published in Chem Catalysis.

Compared with conventional water-based hydrogen production, plastic photo-reforming is more energy-efficient because plastics are easier to oxidise and potentially easier to scale, researchers said. However, they caution that significant challenges remain, including the complexity of mixed plastic waste, catalyst durability and the energy-intensive purification steps.”

With continued innovation, we believe solar-powered plastic-to-fuel technologies could play a key role in building a sustainable, low-carbon future,” said Adelaide University PhD candidate Lu Xiao, who led the study.

• A Tell Media / Xinhua report