Another election, more suffocation: After neutering opposition, Guinea’s junta leader enters December presidential race
Guinea is one of a growing number of African countries, including Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso, where soldiers who staged coups have consolidated their grip on power and reneged on earlier promises of a quick return to democracy.
Blast from the past: Iconic Mau Mau landmarks historians and tourists savour for a feel of Kenya’s liberation struggle in Nyeri County
The first symbols of oppression, Maina says, was the establishment of the over 800 colonial villages by the colonial government in central Kenya in 1952, where more than 80,000 locals were forcibly huddled into the congested villages.
Evidence from refugee camps in Kenya and UK qualify ‘black markets’ symbolise resistance to oppression and subjugation
I witnessed the same thing in my research on how economies emerge and grow in refugee camps, conducted in Kakuma in Kenya. People in search of safety – from war, persecution, disaster or hunger – end up in camps with inadequate services and poor opportunities.









