Is there really a link between obesity and health problems? Question asked more regularly today
Rising obesity rates have set off alarm bells for years. In 2018, 42 per cent of US adults were obese, up from about 30 per cent two decades earlier, and prevalence is climbing rapidly in other countries, as well. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines obesity...
How confusing government messaging landed displaced Burkinabe women into hands of sex predators
Metsi Makhetha, the UN’s highest ranking official in Burkina Faso says the refugee situation in the West African is “getting more complex” and that aid agencies “simply must and will do more” to protect women and girls from sexual exploitation. A senior aid official, whose name is being withheld as...
Scientists discover fungus and bacteria that can ‘eat’ up and break down plastics
Samantha Jenkins was studying a number of types of fungus in a research project for her company, when one of the fungi made a bid for freedom. “Imagine a jar full of grain with a kind of lump of mushroom coming out of the top,” says the lead biotech engineer...
‘Lose weight’ mantra is misguided therapy, many obese people live long and healthy lives
They rose to fame as the world’s fattest mice. At about 130 grammes, the rodents were “the equivalent of 600 pounds in humans,” says diabetes researcher Philipp Scherer. They were born to genetically engineered mouse parents in his lab at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. One set of...
Burkinabe women displaced by Islamist militants tell of how they pay for food with ‘survival sex’ in UN camps
Women who escaped deadly attacks by Islamist militants, who have triggered one of the world’s fastest-growing displacement crises, say they go for weeks without food. But their ordeal, they said, didn’t end there: in places of supposed refuge, local men demanded sex from them in exchange for humanitarian assistance. Eight...
Modern cuisine researchers revisit ancient cookery to unlock secrets of past recipes
To better understand how past cooking relates to modern data, researchers have dived into experimental archaeology. Starting in 2014, researchers cooked various recipes in store-bought unglazed ceramic pots every week. Over the course of a year, they used the same pot to cook the same recipe 50 times, then switched...
How stem cells work to repair raptured heart tissues, increase blood flow
All cells and tissues are constantly telling each other what they need and whether they’re stressed through molecular signalling. “When you lose a chunk of cells in a heart attack, you lose part of that conversation,” explains Charles Murry, an experimental pathologist and director of the Institute for Stem Cell...
Heart attacks: Injured hearts can be revived with stem cells instead of drugs
Twenty years ago, cardiologist and stem-cell scientist Piero Anversa published an exciting paper. He was then a prominent researcher at New York Medical College in Valhalla, and his data in mice showed that injured hearts could regenerate with the help of stem cells taken from bone marrow – contrary to...
‘Among urban women, prevalence of autoimmune disorder is common as a result of more sedentary lifestyles’
The female immune system has developed a complicated strategy that enables it to fight off pathogens without endangering the foetus, says Melissa Wilson, a geneticist and evolutionary biologist at Arizona State University in Tempe. At various stages of pregnancy, she says, the body seems to ramp up and turn down...
Medics grapple with why autoimmunity is most common in women, not men
When Rhonda Voskuhl was a postdoctoral fellow at the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the mid-1990s, it was common knowledge among clinicians that multiple sclerosis (MS) – an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord – was about twice as common in women as in men....